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Tag: Experts

AI is helping shape the 2024 presidential race. But not in the way experts feared

WASHINGTON — With the 2024 election looming, the first since the mass popularization of generative artificial intelligence, experts feared the worst: social media flooded with AI-generated deepfakes that were so realistic, baffled voters wouldn’t know what to believe.

So far, that hasn’t happened. Instead, what voters are seeing is far more absurd: A video of former President Donald Trump riding a cat while wielding an assault rifle. A mustachioed Vice President Kamala Harris dressed in communist attire. Trump and Harris sharing a passionate embrace.

AI is playing a major role in the presidential campaign, even if the greatest fears about how it could threaten the U.S. presidential election haven’t materialized yet. Fake AI-generated images regularly ricochet around the web, but many of them are so cartoonish and absurd that even the most naïve viewer couldn’t take them seriously.

Still, even these memes can be problematic. Eye-catching AI-generated photos and videos, some striving to be funny, have become useful tools for spreading false, sometimes racist messages with a clear political bent — and candidates and their supporters are among those sharing them on social media.

For example, Trump and many of his allies not only repeatedly promoted the unfounded conspiracy theory that Haitian migrants are stealing and eating cats and dogs in Springfield, Ohio, they also spread related AI-generated memes. One shared by Trump’s Truth Social account showed him on a luxury jet, surrounded by cats and white ducks. Another showed a group of kittens holding a sign that read, “DON’T LET THEM EAT US, Vote for Trump!”

Francesca Tripodi, an expert in online propaganda, said such AI-made images are new, viral vehicles to carry age-old anti-immigration narratives.

“The memes that are amplifying this claim are anything but humorous. When you have elected officials who are utilizing this imagery as a way of perpetuating racism and xenophobia, that’s a huge problem,” said Tripodi, a sociologist at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Republicans defend the images as lighthearted jokes — and byproducts of Trump’s personality.

“There is a culture of personality surrounding Donald Trump that encourages that sort of over-the-top communication style that turns things into comical memes,” said Caleb Smith, a Republican strategist. “The intent is to entertain, not to deceive. That is what it should be.”

Trump and his supporters aren’t the only ones creating AI memes, but they appear to be using AI image generators more than their Democratic counterparts. Some left-leaning users have posted AI images making fun of billionaire Elon Musk, the owner of X and an outspoken supporter of Trump’s campaign. Democrats also posted AI-generated images of Trump in handcuffs and being chased by police when he was in court in Manhattan last year.

But Kamala Harris’ campaign has not leaned into amplifying AI-generated content, sticking instead to TikTok trends and other memes that don’t require AI models to create.

“Currently, the only authorized campaign use of generative AI is for productivity tools, such as data analysis and industry-standard coding assistance,” said Harris campaign spokesperson Mia Ehrenberg.

Trump campaign spokesman Steven Cheung did not respond to specific questions from The Associated Press but said its strategy had not changed since May, when he provided an emailed statement saying the campaign did not “engage or utilize” tools supplied by any AI company.

Using fake, entertaining, often preposterous images to score political points is hardly new. But unlike cobbled-together Photoshop images or political cartoons, AI-generated images pack a stronger punch with their hyperrealism and can draw new attention to a political message.

While some of the images related to pets in Springfield were cartoonish and silly, many felt they perpetuated a damaging conspiracy theory about a community that has since received bomb threats prompting evacuations of schools and government buildings.

“Memes that are obviously parody are one thing. It’s another where it’s obviously intended to deceive,” said Rep. Adam Schiff, a California Democrat and vocal Trump critic. “And we already see the Trump campaign really blurring the line.”

The speed and accessibility of generative AI tools make it easy to create outlandish political content that can drive clicks and likes. With AI image generators accessible to anyone with an internet connection, they are a cheap and convenient way for campaigns to respond to online trends and hammer home a message.

“Campaigns have had to deal with disinformation and misinformation for a very long time. … It’s not a new problem. But obviously what AI allows is for this stuff to do done more rapidly, perhaps more convincingly, and in a more targeted environment,” said Teddy Goff, the digital director of Barack Obama’s 2012 reelection campaign.

Paul Ingrassia, a New York-based political commentator and lawyer, said he spun up a viral image of Trump emerging from a lion’s den in seconds by prompting Grok, then dropped it into his newsletter and sent it to Trump campaign staffers. Trump’s Truth Social account posted Ingrassia’s newsletter, including the image, that day.

“I got a message from my point of contact with the president and they said: ‘The president loved the image, how did you make it? Who created it?’ And I said: ‘Oh, I did. I made that for the article,’” Ingrassia said. “And he said, ‘Keep up the great work, he loves it.’”

The use of AI for political satire and propaganda isn’t limited to the U.S. and has been observed in elections from Indonesia to the Netherlands.

More sinister deepfakes also have sought to influence races around the world. In Slovakia last year, AI audio clips impersonated the liberal party chief talking about rigging the vote days before parliamentary elections. In New Hampshire’s primary in January, audio deepfakes of President Joe Biden were sent in robocalls to Democratic voters, urging them not to vote. The incident was quickly publicized and resulted in criminal charges.

Trump’s embrace of AI-generated images counters some of his past commentary. In an interview on Fox Business this year, Trump called artificial intelligence “very dangerous” and “so scary” because “there’s no real solution” to the issues created by the advancing technology.

And some Republicans have fretted about how Trump and the GOP are using AI to create political memes.

“I don’t engage in memes. I never have. I never will,” said Rep. Brian Fitzpatrick, a Pennsylvania Republican in a competitive district outside Philadelphia. “I just don’t believe in it.”

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Swenson reported from New York.

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This story is part of an Associated Press series, “The AI Campaign,” exploring the influence of artificial intelligence in the 2024 election cycle.

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The Associated Press receives support from several private foundations to enhance its explanatory coverage of elections and democracy. See more about AP’s democracy initiative here. The AP is solely responsible for all content.

The Associated Press receives financial assistance from the Omidyar Network to support coverage of artificial intelligence and its impact on society. AP is solely responsible for all content. Find AP’s standards for working with philanthropies, a list of supporters and funded coverage areas at AP.org.

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September 21, 2024
UN experts urge United Nations to lay foundations for global governance of artificial intelligence

UNITED NATIONS — A high-powered U.N. advisory body said Thursday that global governance of artificial intelligence is “imperative” and urged the United Nations to lay the foundations for the first inclusive global institutions to regulate the fast-growing technology.

In a 100-page report, the group said AI “is transforming our world,” offering tremendous potential for good from opening new areas of science and accelerating economic growth to improving public health, agriculture and optimizing energy grids.

But left ungoverned, it said, AI’s benefits could be limited to a handful of countries, companies and individuals, while even more powerful systems than exist today “could upend the world of work,” create autonomous weapons, and pose risks to peace and security.

The advisory body outlined principles that should guide formation of new institutions to govern AI including international law, and especially human rights law. It calls on all governments and parties involved in AI to work together to protect human rights.

The group made wide-ranging recommendations including establishing an international scientific panel on AI to create a global understanding of its capabilities and risks, and a global dialogue on AI governance at the U.N. to anchor future institutions on human rights principles and international law.

The recommendations also call for a global AI fund to ensure that the technology bridges the divide between rich and poor nations and promotes achievement of U.N. development goals for 2030, and a “Standards Exchange” to foster technical compatibility.

At present, the report said, only seven of the 193 U.N. member nations are party to seven recent prominent AI governance initiatives while 118 countries, primarily in the global South, “are missing entirely” from any conversation.

Among the initiatives are the European Union’s first-ever legal framework to regulate AI, which entered into force on Aug. 1. This month,. the Group of 20 leading world economies agreed to establish guidelines for developing artificial intelligence, calling for “ethical, transparent, and accountable use of AI,” with human oversight and compliance with privacy and human rights laws. And lawmakers in California — home to many of the world’s biggest AI companies — recently adopted legislation to regulate AI which is before the governor.

The advisory board’s report concluded on a positive but cautious note.

“As experts, we remain optimistic about the future of AI and its potential for good,” the report said. “That optimism depends, however, on realism about the risks and the inadequacy of structures and incentives currently in place.”

The board stressed that “The technology is too important, and the stakes are too high, to rely only on market forces and a fragmented patchwork of national and multilateral action.”

U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres appointed the advisory body last October, saying coordinated action is needed to keep the threat of artificial intelligence from becoming an uncontrolled “monster.”

The group comprises 39 prominent AI leaders from 33 countries — chosen from over 2,000 nominations. They represent all regions of the world, are serving in their personal capacity, and include experts from government, the private sector and civil society.

Guterres commended the group’s work Thursday, expressing full support for its recommendations “which provide a blueprint to build on existing efforts and together, shape an international AI architecture that is inclusive, agile and effective – for today and the future.”

When the secretary-general told reporters last year that he planned to appoint the advisory body, Guterres said he would react favorably to a new U.N. agency on artificial intelligence and suggested as a model the International Atomic Energy Agency, which is knowledge-based and has some regulatory powers.

But the advisory body said it wasn’t recommending establishment of an agency.

Amandeep Singh Gill, the secretary-general’s chief’s envoy on technology and a member of the advisory body, told a news conference launching the report that for now an agency isn’t needed, “but it’s not saying that we would never need something like that.” The board wants that possibility to be studied, he said.

The report was issued ahead of the Summit of the Future starting Sunday which Guterres has called to try to unite the world’s divided nations and address the challenges and threats confronting humanity from conflicts and climate change to artificial intelligence and reforming the U.N.

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September 20, 2024
Are Food Dyes Really Bad For You? Experts Weigh In

There’s something about cotton candies and toffees that always grabs our attention. Is it the cute shape of the candies or their sweet flavours? We feel it is the bright colours that instantly make people across ages crave these treats. That’s the magic of food colours – they make your food look a lot more attractive. But are they safe for consumption? This is a question we all think about while talking about food colours. Let’s find out in this article. Read on.

What Are Food Dyes? Why Are They Considered Bad For Health?

Food dyes are chemical substances developed to enhance the appearance of food by giving it an artificial colour. According to the International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health, food dyes were originally synthesized from coal tar and now from petroleum. These colours add brightness to your food, making them a preferred choice over natural colours among food manufacturers.

However several studies have found risks associated with these food dyes. According to a study in the Archives of Disease in Childhood, removing artificial food dyes from the diet significantly reduced hyperactive symptoms (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder). Hence, food regulatory bodies from across the world have banned several types of food colours to reduce toxicity in food.

Also Read:Watch: Have You Seen Orange Colour Coconut? A Food Blogger Spotted It

_{Photo Credit: iStock}

Should You Avoid Food Dyes Completely?

While food dyes pose health risks, the FDA (Food and Drug Administration of the United States) has passed a few food colours that are not linked to any health risk and are currently used in different types of foods. A report by the FDA states, “Color additives are safe when used properly.”

Experts at the FDA further comment, “There is no such thing as absolute safety of any substance. In the case of a new colour additive, the FDA determines if there is a ‘reasonable certainty of no harm’ under the colour additive’s proposed conditions of use.” So, we suggest always looking for FDA-approved food dyes when picking one for your kitchen.

Also Read: Watch: Make Meethi Boondi In Different Colours With This Super Easy Recipe

Natural Colour Options | 5 Ways You Can Add Colour To Your Food Naturally:

If you ask us, we say the best practice is to add colour to your food naturally. And you do not need to go miles to find those colours. Scan through your kitchen mindfully, and voila, you will find multiple options lying around you.

1. Beetroot for red colour:

Beetroot has a rich natural colour that adds richness to a dish. You need to press the juice out of the beetroot and use it in your dish for the hue.

2. Spinach for green colour:

Want green colour in your meal? Reach out for some spinach juice. You can use any other green leafy vegetable, but spinach has the most neutral flavour that makes your food taste better.

3. Turmeric for yellow colour:

Turmeric has long been used for the yellow hue in food. But make sure you add it in a small amount to avoid the pungency in your food.

4. Kesar for saffron colour:

Another popular food dye, saffron has long been used in various sweet and savoury dishes for the golden hue. You can either soak some saffron strands in water or you can add to the milk, as per the need.

5. Blue pea flower for blue colour:

If you are a food enthusiast, then you surely know how popular the blue pea flower has become over time. It is widely used in food, drinks and desserts to get the natural blue colour, without harming your health.

Pick your food ingredients mindfully and enjoy a safe and healthy meal every single time.

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September 16, 2024
5 Smart Hacks To Increase Antioxidants In Your Body – Experts Weigh In

Have you been feeling low lately? Do you experience fatigue throughout the day? Are you dealing with muscle and joint pains for no apparent reason? Is your skin losing its lustre? If you answered yes to any of these questions, it’s time to consider incorporating more antioxidants into your diet. But what exactly are antioxidants? Consultant nutritionist Rupali Datta explains that antioxidants are compounds that help protect your cells from damage caused by free radicals. They play a vital role in flushing out unwanted toxins and oxidants produced by the nutrients we consume daily. An excess of these toxins can negatively impact your immunity and overall well-being. Therefore, Datta suggests incorporating antioxidants into your diet to maintain a balance and maximize the benefits of the nutrients you consume. And the best part? You don’t need to search far and wide for antioxidants; you can find them in the foods you eat every day. All you have to do is select the right ingredients and consume them in the right amounts.

Also Read:These 7 Vegetables Pack The Most Powerful Antioxidant Punch; Add Them To Your Diet

Here Are 5 Benefits of Adding Antioxidants to Your Diet:

1. Flush Out Toxins

According to a report published by Harvard Medical School, antioxidants help neutralize free radicals by donating some of their own electrons. This process breaks the chain reaction of oxidants that can harm other molecules in your body’s cells.

2. Boost Energy

Effective detoxification enhances your body’s efficiency and provides you with the energy to power through your day. Research published in the Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition suggests that consuming antioxidant-rich foods can increase energy production through “aerobic glucose metabolism.”

3. Aid Heart Health

As mentioned earlier, antioxidants scavenge free radicals in your body’s cells, preventing oxidative damage. Studies show that this can improve blood and oxygen flow through the arteries, reducing the risk of heart-related issues.

4. Promote Skin And Hair Health

Antioxidants protect your skin from sun damage, increase blood circulation in your cells, and maintain skin moisture. This process slows down the ageing process, as reported in WebMD.

5. Improve Eyesight

A peer-reviewed journal, Antioxidants, reports that nutrients like lutein and zeaxanthin found in green vegetables act as antioxidants that can prevent or reduce the risk of eyesight-related problems. Vitamin C and E also function as antioxidants, preventing various eye diseases, according to experts.
Now that you understand the reasons to include antioxidants in your diet, we encourage you to make the necessary changes to improve your overall health. Don’t worry; we’re here to assist you. We’ve gathered some smart tips from nutritionist Nmami Agarwal to help you incorporate more antioxidants into your existing diet. Let’s take a look.

Here Are 5 Ideas to Increase Antioxidants in Your Body:

1. Eat Rainbow Foods

Nutritionist Nmami Agarwal suggests incorporating colourful fruits and vegetables into your diet to increase carotenoids in your body. Foods like carrots, berries, leafy greens, and apples are rich in vitamins, minerals, and phytonutrients, providing a wide range of antioxidants that support immune function and cellular repair.

2. Garnish Your Foods With Flavourful Herbs

Enhance the aroma and nutritional value of your dishes by adding herbs like basil, cinnamon, ginger, garlic, and turmeric. Nmami Agarwal recommends these herbs for their polyphenols and curcumin, which have anti-inflammatory properties.

3. Sprout Your Grains

Maximize the benefits of whole grains like quinoa, amaranth, and barley by sprouting them. According to the expert, sprouting increases nutrient levels, including antioxidants, and improves digestibility, promoting better nutrient absorption.

4. Add Healthy Fats To Your Diet

It’s important to note that not all fats are unhealthy. In fact, incorporating healthy fats like olive oil, nuts, seeds, and more provides essential fatty acids and vitamin E, which protect cells from oxidative damage and promote heart health.

5. Rely On Fermented Foods

If you’ve been avoiding fermented foods like pickles due to concerns about excess oil and unhealthiness, it’s time to reconsider. Nmami Agarwal suggests that including fermented foods in your diet can add probiotics, promoting gut health and indirectly boosting antioxidant availability.
We’ve also compiled a list of everyday food options that serve as potent antioxidants for your body. Click here to learn more.

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September 16, 2024